Passive voice simple упражнения. Английский упражнения на пассивный залог

1. The postbox (to empty) every day.
2. The letters (to deliver).

Answers: 1. is emptied 2. are postmarked. 3. are sorted. 4. is loaded. 5. are unloaded. 6. are taken. 7. are sorted. 8. are delivered.

Exercise 2. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Past Simple Passive. (YESTERDAY)

1. The postbox (to empty) yesterday.
2. The stamps (to postmark) at the post office.
3. The letters (to sort) into the different towns.
4. The mail (to load) into the train.
5. The mailbags (to unload) after their journey.
6. The bags (to take) to the post office.
7. The letters (to sort) into the different streets.
8. The letters (to deliver).

Answers: 1. was emptied. 2. were postmarked. 3. were sorted. 4. was loaded. 5. were unloaded. 6. were taken. 7. were sorted. 8. were delivered.

Exercise 3. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Future Simple Passive. (TOMORROW)

1. The postbox (to empty) tomorrow.
2. The stamps (to postmark) at the post office.
3. The letters (to sort) into the different towns.
4. The mail (to load) into the train.
5. The mailbags (to unload) after their journey.
6. The bags (to take) to the postoffice.
7. The letters (to sort) into the different streets.
8. The letters (to deliever).

Answers: 1. will be emptied. 2. will be postmarked. 3. will be sorted. 4. will be loaded. 5. will be unloaded. 6. will be taken. 7. will be sorted. 8. will be delivered.

Exercise 4. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Present, Past или Future Simple Passive.

1. My question (to answer) yesterday.
2. Hockey (to play) in winter.
3. Mushrooms (to gather) in autumn.
4. Many houses (to burn) during the Great Fire of London.
5. His new book (to finish) next year.
6. Flowers (to sell) in shops and in the streets.
7. St. Petersburg (to found) in 1703.
8. Bread (to eat) every day.
9. The letter (to receive) yesterday.
10. Nick (to send) to Moscow next week.
11. I (to ask) at the lesson yesterday.
12. I (to give) a very interest ing book at the library last Friday.
13. Many houses (to build) in our town every year.
14. This work (to do) tomorrow.
15. This text (to translate) at the last lesson.
16. These trees (to plant) last autumn.
17. Many interesting games always (to play) at our PT lessons.
18. This bone (to give) to my dog tomorrow.
19. We (to invite) to a concert last Saturday.
20. Lost time never (to find) again.
21. Rome (not to build) in a day.

Answers: 1. was answered. 2. is played. 3. are gathered. 4. were burnt. 5. will be finished. 6. are sold. 7. was founded. 8. is eaten. 9. was received. 10. will be sent. 11. was asked. 12. was given. 13. are built. 14. will be done. 15. was translated. 16. were planted. 17. are always played. 18. will be given. 19. were invited. 20. is never found. 21. was not built.

Exercise 5. Раскройте скобки, выбирая требующуюся форму глагола.

1. At the station they will (meet, be met) by a man from the travel bureau.
2. She will (meet, be met) them in the hall upstairs.
3. The porter will (bring, be brought) your luggage to your room.
4. Your luggage will (bring, be brought) up in the lift.
5. You may (leave, be left) your hat and coat in the cloakroom downstairs.
6. They can (leave, be left) the key with the clerk downstairs.
7. From the station they will (take, be taken) straight to the hotel.
8. Tomorrow he will (take, be taken) them to the Russian Museum.

Answers: 1. will be met. 2. will meet. 3. will bring. 4. will be brought. 5. may leave. 6. can leave. 7. will be taken. 8. will take.

Exercise 6. Передайте следующие предложения в Passive Voice, обращая внимание на место предлога.

E.g. We often speak of her. - She is often spoken of.

1. The senior students laughed at the freshman.
2. The group spoke to the headmistress yesterday.
3. Young mothers looked after their babies with great care.
4. Nobody lived in that old house.
5. They sent for Jim and told him to prepare a report on that subject.
6. We thought about our friend all the time.
7. The doctor will operate on him in a week.
8. The teacher sent for the pupil’s parents.
9. They looked for the newspaper everywhere.
10. Nobody slept in the bed.
11. The neighbour asked for the telegram.
12. Everybody listened to the lecturer with great attention.

Answers: 1. The freshman was laughed at. 2. The headmistress was spoken to yesterday. 3. The babies were looked after with great care. 4. That old house was not lived in. 5. Jim was sent for and told to prepare a report on that subject. 6. Our friend was thought about all the time. 7. He will be operated on in a week. 8. The pupil’s parents were sent for. 9. The newspaper was looked for everywhere. 10. The bed was not slept in. 11. The telegram was asked for. 12. The lecturer was listened to with great attention.

Exercise 7. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Active Voice или Passive Voice.

1. Nobody (to see) him yesterday.
2. The telegram (to receive) tomorrow.
3. He (to give) me this book next week.
4. The answer to this question can (to find) in the encyclopedia.
5. We (to show) the historical monuments of the capital to the delegation tomorrow.
6. You can (to find) interesting information about the life in the USA in this book.
7. Budapest (to divide) by the Danube into two parts: Buda and Pest.
8. Yuri Dolgoruki (to found) Moscow in 1147.
9. Moscow University (to found) by Lomonosov.
10. We (to call) Zhukovski the father of Russian aviation.

Answers: 1. saw. 2. will be received. 3. will give. 4. be found. 5. shall show. 6. find. 7. is divided. 8. founded. 9. was founded. 10. call.

Exercise 8. Передайте следующие предложения в Passive Voice.

1. Не stole a lot of money from the shop.
2. By six o’clock they had finished the work.
3. At twelve o’clock the workers were loading the trucks.
4. By three o’clock the workers had loaded the trucks.
5. We send our daughter to rest in the south every year.
6. They will show this film on TV.
7. They are building a new concert hall in our street.
8. I bought potatoes yesterday.
9. We shall bring the books tomorrow.
10. They are repairing the clock now.
11. They sell milk in this shop.
12. I have translated the whole text.
13. They broke the window last week.
14. When I came home, they had eaten the sweets.
15. We shall do the work in the evening.
16. He wrote this book in the 19th century.
17. They were playing tennis from four till five.
18. They have made a number of important experiments in this laboratory.
19. Livingstone explored Central Africa in the 19th century.
20. By the middle of autumn we had planted all the trees.
21. They will stage this play at the beginning of next season.
22. They have forgotten the story.
23. Has anybody explained the rules of the game to you?
24. They haven’t brought back my skates.

Answers: 1. A lot of money was stolen from the shop. 2. By six o’clock the work had been finished. 3. At twelve o’clock the trucks were being loaded. 4. By three o’clock the trucks had been loaded. 5. Our daughter is sent to rest in the south every year. 6. This film will be shown on TV. 7. A new concert hall is being built in our street. 8. Potatoes were bought yesterday. 9. The books will be brought tomorrow. 10. The clock is being repaired now. 11. Milk is sold in this shop. 12. The whole text has been translated.. 13. The window was broken last week. 14. When I came home, the sweets had been eaten. 15. The work will be done in the evening. 16. This book was written in the 19th century. 17. Tennis was being played.from four till five. 18. The number of important experiments K-we been made in this laboratory. 19. Central Africa was explored by Livingstone in the 19th century. 20. By the middle of autumn all the trees had been planted. 21. This play will be staged at the beginning of next season. 22. The story has been forgotten. 23. Have the rules of the game been explained to you? 24. My skates haven’t been brought back.

Exercise 9. Передайте следующие предложения в Active Voice. Введите любые подходящие подлежащие.

1. The room was cleaned and aired.
2. Have all these books been read?
3. Whom were these letters written by?
4. The letter has just been typed.
5. She showed me the picture which had been painted by her husband.
6. I shall not be allowed to go there.
7. He has been told everything, so he knows what to do now.
8. All the questions must be answered.
9. The door has been left open.
10. Betty was met atthe station.
11. The girl was not allowed to go to the concert.
12. She said that the new timetable had not yet been hung up on the notice board.
13. The roast chicken was eaten with appetite.
14. It was so dark, that the houses could not be seen.
15. The light has not yet been turned off.
16. The boy was punished for misbehaving.
17. By three o’clock everything had been prepared.
18. The dictation was written without mistakes.
19. Whom was the poem written by?
20. Her dress was washed and ironed.
21. I was not blamed for the mistakes.
22. The papers had been looked through and corrected by the next lesson.
23. This house was built last year.
24. The letter has just been sent.
25. This article will be translated at the lesson on Tuesday.
26. When will this book be returned to the library?

Answers: I. She cleaned and aired the room. 2. Have you read all these books? 3. Who wrote these letters? 4.The secretary has just typed the letter. 5. She showed me the picture which her husband had painted. 6. My parents will not allow me to go there. 7. We have told him everything so he knows what to do. 8. You must answer all the questions. 9. They have left the door open. 10. We met Betty at the station.
II. The girl’s mother did not allow her to go to the concert. 12. She said that they had not yet hung up the new timetable on the notice board. 13. We ate the chicken with appetite. 14. It was so dark that we could not see the houses. 15. They have not yet turned off the light. 16. She punished the boy for misbehaving. 17. By three o’clock we had prepared everything. 18. We wrote the dictation without mistakes. 19. Who wrote the poem? 20. She washed and ironed her dress. 21. They did not blame me for the mistakes. 22. The teacher had looked through and corrected the papers by the next lesson. 23.They built this house last year. 24. We have just sent the letter. 25. We shall translate this article at the lesson on Tuesday. 26. When will you return this book to the library?

Exercise 10. Переведите на английский язык, употребляя глаголы в Passive Voice.

1. Нам показали очень странную картину.
2. Тебя ищут. Иди домой.
3. Вас всех пригласят в зал и расскажут обо всех изменениях в школьной программе.
4. Почему над ним всегда смеются?
5. Нам всем дали билеты на выставку.
6. Лекции этого знаменитого профессора всегда слушают с большим вниманием.
7. Меня ждут?
8. Им задали три трудных вопроса.
9. За директором уже послали. Подождите немного.
10. Всех пригласили в большой зал.
11. Эти письма просмотрены. Их можно отправлять.
12. На станции их встретил гид и отвез в гостиницу.
13. Эти журналы должны быть возвращены в библиотеку на следующей неделе.
14. На наших занятиях много внимания уделяется произношению.
15. Иванову велели объяснить, почему он пропускает занятия.
16. Меня пригласят на ваш вечер?
17. Детей оставили дома одних.

Answers: 1. We were shown a very strange picture. 2. You are being looked for. Go home. 3. All of you will be gathered in the hall and told about all the changes in the school curriculum. 4. Why is he always laughed at? 5. All of us were given tickets to the exhibition. 6. The lectures of this famous professor are always listened to with great attention. 7. Am I being waited for? 8. They were asked three difficult questions. 9. The headmaster has already been sent for. Please wait a little. 10. Everybody was invited to a big hall. 11. These letters have been looked through. They can be sent. 12. At the station they were met by the guide and taken to the hotel. 13. These magazines must be returned to the library next week. 14. At our lessons much attention is paid to pronunciation. 15. Ivanov was told to explain why he missed classes. 16. Shall I be invited to your party? 17. The children were left alone at home.

WELL DONE!

Литература:

1. Павличенко О.М. Английский язык. Грамматический практикум. II уровень. - 2-е изд., испр. и доп. - X.: Ранок, 2012. - 304 с.
2. Голицынский Ю.Б. Грамматика: Сборник упражнений. - 5-е изд., - СПб: КАРО, 2005. - 544 с. - (Английский язык для школьников).

В английском языке существует 12 основных временных форм. Практически каждая из них имеет 2 формы залога: Active Voice (действительный залог) и Passive Voice (страдательный залог). Если с первым проблем обычно не возникает, потому как он строится по стандартной схеме, страдательный же залог может показаться более сложным. Однако это вовсе не так, и сегодня вы убедитесь в этом сами на примере Present Simple Passive (также известно как Present Indefinite Passive) или страдательного залога в настоящем простом (неопределенном) времени.

Для начала разберем, что же представляет собой страдательный залог, и чем он отличается от действительного. Страдательный залог – это форма залога, которая показывает, что лицо или предмет испытывает действие, о котором упоминается в предложении. В действительном же залоге действие выполняется лицом или предметом. Сравним:

То есть в действительном залоге действие («строим») выполняет лицо («мы»). В пассиве же на предмет («дом») направлено действие («строится»).

Образуется пассивный залог во времени Present Simple с помощью вспомогательного и смыслового глаголов. Вспомогательным выступает глагол to be в настоящем времени, который может меняться по лицам и числам:

Pronouns / Местоимения	to be в настоящем времени
I	am
He	is
We	are

Если вместо местоимения используются существительные, заменяйте их мысленно на местоимения, чтобы определить, какую форму глагола to be необходимо использовать.

В роли смыслового глагола выступает Participle II или причастие прошедшего времени. Для его образования важно уметь определять, является ли глагол правильным или нет. Причастие прошедшего времени правильного глагола образуется путем добавления окончания –ed:

Учитывайте правила присоединения окончания.

А вот причастие прошедшего времени неправильного глагола образуется самостоятельно, не подчиняясь правилам. Эту форму неправильных глаголов, как и две остальные нужно просто заучить:

Соединив вспомогательный и смысловой глаголы, вы получите страдательный залог настоящего времени:

Заметьте, что на русский язык глаголы в этой форме залога чаще всего переводятся с помощью постфикса «ся» и частью окончания «т», то есть с помощью «-тся».

Present Simple Passive: формы предложения

Формы предложений в Passive Voice во времени Present Simple образуются следующим образом:

Утвердительные упражнения в Present Simple Passive

Для образования утвердительной формы используется формула:

В русском языке подобные предложения иногда звучат немного коряво, а потому, если в предложении указывается, кем совершалось действие, переводить предложения могут в действительном залоге.

Отрицательные упражнения в Present Simple Passive

Отрицательная форма образуется путем добавления отрицательной частицы not после вспомогательного глагола:

Обе формы имеют сокращения, которые часто встречаются в речи:

I am not в отрицании может сокращаться только как «I’m not», вариант сокращения «I amn’t», как правило, считается неправильным и используется лишь в определенных частях Соединенного Королевства.

Вопросительные упражнения в Present Simple Passive

В вопросительных вопросах вспомогательный глагол встает на первое место:

На общий вопрос обычно отвечают коротко:

Заметьте, что при отрицательном ответе используется сокращенная форма.

В этом же случае требуется полный ответ, для образования которого нужно превратить вопрос в утвердительное / отрицательное предложение и сделать выбор из представленных в вопросе вариантов:

В специальных вопросах перед вспомогательным глаголом появляется вопросительное слово:

Такой вопрос также требует полного ответа:

Исключение составляют разделительные вопросы, которые используют утвердительное или отрицательное предложение с кратким вопросом на конце:

На этот тип вопроса ограничиваются коротким ответом:

Present Simple Passive: употребление

Случаи употребления этой формы идентичны случаям употребления простого настоящего времени в действительном залоге. То есть эта форма также выражает простые, повторяющиеся действия, привычки, факты, утверждения, стереотипы и другие вещи, которые непосредственно связанны с настоящим временем, но не с этим конкретным моментом. Однако могут появиться сомнения, какой залог лучше использовать в том или другом случае, этот момент мы с вами и разберем.

Страдательный залог предпочтительнее использовать в следующих ситуациях:

1. Если неизвестно, кто совершает действие:

1. Если хочется сделать акцент на действии, а не на том, кто его выполняет:

В некоторых случаях предложения на русский могут переводиться в прошедшем времени, как будто в английском использовался Past Simple Passive или страдательный залог простого прошедшего времени. Тем не менее, как бы такая фраза не переводилась, в таких ситуациях подразумевается настоящее время.

Стоит обратить внимание на одну особенность употребления глагола make в страдательном залоге. Если он используется, чтобы выразить, что какой-то предмет был сделан из чего-то, возможно два варианта. Таблица для наглядности:

Примеры предложений:

Если вы знаете, кем было выполнено действие, вы можете либо назвать лицо, либо нет. Для того чтобы назвать лицо, необходимо добавить его в конце предложения с предлогом by:

1. Если происходит что-то негативное, но нам не хочется кого-то обвинять:

Ничего сложного в Passive Voice или страдательном залоге простого настоящего времени нет. Если вы уже знакомы с темой Present Simple Tense (простое настоящее время) и ознакомились с особенностями употребления залога в этой статье, форма должна даваться вам очень легко. Для закрепления материала выполните упражнения на данную тему, составьте свои собственные примеры и, если есть возможность, попрактикуйте использование подобных предложений с носителями, так как никакие статьи и упражнения не смогут помочь вам «прочувствовать» язык лучше людей, которые используют его на ежедневной основе.

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1. Употребите правильную форму глагола в пассивном залоге.

1. The roads (cover) with the snow. – Дороги покрыты снегом.
2. Chocolate (make) from cocoa. – Шоколад изготавливается из какао.
3. The Pyramids (build) in Egypt. – Пирамиды были построены в Египте.
4. This coat (buy) four years ago. – Это пальто было куплено 4 года назад.
5. The stadium (open) next month. – Стадион будет открыт в следующем месяце.
6. Your parents (invite) to a meeting. – Твои родители будут приглашены на собрание.
7. Where is your car? – It (mend) at the moment. – Где твоя машина? – В данный момент она ремонтируется.
8. The books already (pack). – Книги уже упакованы.
9. The castle can (see) from a long distance. – Замок можно увидеть издалека.
10. The guests must (meet) at noon. - Гости должны быть встречены в полдень.

2. Измените предложения по образцу:

3. Превратите предложения в отрицательные и переведите.

1. Ann was bitten by a homeless dog.
2. The zoo is being reconstructed at the moment.
3. The luggage must be checked at the customs.
4. Souvenirs are sold everywhere.
5. The job will be finished at 3 o’clock.

4. Дайте полные ответы на следующие вопросы.

1. Are the Olympic Games held every 10 years? (Олимпийские игры проводятся каждые 10 лет?)
2. Is bread made from flour or potatoes? (Хлеб готовят из муки или картофеля?)
3. Was the Eifel Tower built in Moscow? (Эйфелева башня была построена в Москве?)
4. Will the final exams be taken in summer or in winter? (Выпускные экзамены будут сдаваться летом или зимой?)
5. When is Christmas celebrated in Europe? (Когда празднуется Рождество в Европе?)

Также разобрать это упражнение индивидуально можно с репетиторами английского языка по скайпу . Уроки можно проводить в любое время.

Ответы:

1. The roads are covered with the snow.
2. Chocolate is made from cocoa.
3. The Pyramids were built in Egypt.
4. This coat was bought four years ago.
5. The stadium will be opened next month.
6. Your parents will be invited to a meeting.
7. Where is your car? – It is being mended at the moment.
8. The books have already been packed .
9. The castle can be seen from a long distance.
10. The guests must be met at noon.

1. Radio was invented by Popov in Russia. (Радио было изобретено Поповым в России.)
2. A new president is elected every four years in the USA. (Новый президент избирается каждые 4 года в США.)
3. A bank robber was caught by the police last night. (Банковский грабитель был пойман полицией прошлой ночью.)
4. Sorry, dogs are not allowed in our safari park. (Извините, но собаки не допускаются в наш сафари парк.)
5. My letter will be left by the postman by the door. (Мое письмо будет оставлено почтальоном у двери.)
6. A delicious cherry pie has been made by my mum for dinner. (Вкусный вишневый пирог приготовлен мамой к ужину.)
7. My clock wasn’t repaired by George. (Мои часы не были отремонтированы Джорджем.)
8. Wait a little, an interesting story is being told by my neighbor. (Подожди немного, интересную историю рассказывает мой сосед.)
9. Some more articles about football can be written by my son. (Еще немного статей о футболе может быть написано моим сыном.)
10. Your bedroom must be cleaned tonight. (Твоя спальня должна быть убрана сегодня вечером.)

PASSIVE VOICE

Упр. 1. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Present, Past или Future Simple Passive.

1. Bread (to eat) every day. 2. The letter (to receive) yesterday. 3. Nick (to send) to Moscow next week. 4. I (to ask) at the lesson yesterday. 5.I (to give) a very interesting book at the library last Friday. 6. Many houses (to build) in our town every year. 7. This work (to do) tomorrow. 8. This text (to translate) at the last lesson. 9. These trees (to plant) last autumn. 10. Many interesting games always (to play) at our PT lessons. 11. This bone (to give) to my dog tomorrow. 12. We (to invite) to a concert last Saturday. 13. My question (to answer) yesterday. 14. Hockey (to play) in winter. 15. Mushrooms (to gather) in autumn. 16. Many houses (to burn) during the Great Fire of London. 17. His new book (to finish) next year. 18. Flowers (to sell) in shops and in the streets. 19. St. Petersburg (to found) in 1703.

Упр. 2. Передайте следующие предложения в Passive Voice, обращая внимание на место предлога.

E.g. We often speak about her. - She is often spoken about.

1. We thought about our friend all the time. 2. The doctor will operate on him in a week. 3. The teacher sent for the pupil"s parents. 4. They looked for the newspaper everywhere. 5. Nobody slept in the bed. 6. The neighbour asked for the telegram. 7. Everybody listened to the lecturer with great attention. 8. The senior students laughed at the freshman. 9. The group spoke to the headmistress yesterday. 10. The young mothers looked after their babies with great care. 11. Nobody lived in that old house. 12. They sent for Jim and told him to prepare a report on that subject.

Упр. 3. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Active или Passive Voice.

1. Nobody (to see) him yesterday. 2. The telegram (to receive) tomorrow. 3. He (to give) me this book next week. 4. The answer to this question can (to find) in the encyclopedia. 5. We (to show) the historical monuments of the capital to the delegation. 6. You can (to find) interesting information about the life in the USA in this book. 7. Budapest (to divide) into two parts: Buda and Pest. 8. Yuri Dolgoruki (to found) Moscow in 1147. 9. Moscow University (to found) by Lomonosov. 10. We (to call) Zhukovski the father of Russian aviation.

Упр. 4. Передайте следующие предложения в Passive Voice.

1. I bought potatoes yesterday. 2. We shall bring the books tomorrow. 3. They are repairing the clock now. 4. They sell milk in this shop. 5. I have translated the whole text. 6. They broke the window last week. 7. When I came home, they had eaten the sweets. 8. We shall do the work in the evening. 9. He wrote this book in the 19th century. 10. They were playing tennis from four till five. 11. He stole a lot of money from the shop. 12. By six o"clock they had finished the work. 13. At twelve o"clock the workers were loading the trucks. 14. By three o"clock the workers had loaded the trucks. 15. We send our daughter to rest in the south every year. 16. They will show this film on TV. 17. They are building a new concert-hall in our street. 18. They have made a number of important experiments in this laboratory. 19. Livingstone explored Central Africa in the 19th century. 20. By the middle of autumn we had planted all the trees. 21. They will stage this play at the beginning of next season. 22. They have forgotten the story. 23. Has anybody explained the rules of the game to you? 24. They haven"t brought back my skates.

Упр. 5. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Passive Voice.

1. I am sure I (to ask) at the lesson tomorrow. 2. They told me that the new student (to speak) much about. 3. The hostess said that one more guest (to expect). 4. The newspaper said that an interesting exhibition (to open) in the Hermitage the next week. 5. This new dictionary (to sell) everywhere now. 6. All the texts (to look) through yesterday and not a single mistake (to find). 7. Two reports on Hemingway"s stories (to make) in our group last month. Both of them were very interesting. 8. He said that Grandmother"s letter (to receive) the day before. 9. Two new engineers just (to introduce) to the head of the department. 10. Don"t worry, everything will be all right: the children (to take) to the theatre by the teacher and they (to bring) back to school in the evening.

Упр. 6. Переведите на английский язык, употребляя глаголы в Passive Voice.

1. Ее отправили в больницу два дня назад. 2. Вчера нас послали в лабораторию. 3. Это сочинение было написано на прошлой неделе. 4. Эту книгу взяли из библиотеки только вчера. 5. Этих трех студентов спросили два дня тому назад. 6. Вас экзаменовали утром? 7. Эта мышь была поймана ночью. 8. Телеграмму послали поздно вечером, и он получит ее только утром. 9. Эту статью должна прочитать вся группа. 10. Это
yпражнение можно написать карандашом. 11. Все ваши сочинения будут возвращены на будущей неделе. 12. Это письмо можно написать на одном листе. 13. На этой фабрике делают очень красивые сумки. 14. Письма туда можно посылать только летом, а телеграммы круглый год. 15. Мою подругу каждый год посылают за границу.

1. Поставьте глагол в форму пассивного залога прошедшего времени.

1. Jack ... (examine) by the doctor. (Джека осмотрел доктор.)
2. The teapot ... (break) last week. (Чайник был разбит на прошлой неделе.)
3. The letters ... (hand) to Doctor Loyds. (Письма были вручены доктору Лойдс.)
4. The girl ... (frighten) by homeless dogs. (Девочку напугали бездомные собаки.)
5. This novel ... (not translate). (Этот роман не был переведен.)
6. We ... (not invite) to Andrew’s party. (Нас не пригласили на вечеринку у Эндрю.)

2. Измените предложения в действительном залоге на страдательный.

Например: We sent for the doctor. (Мы послали за доктором.) – The doctor was sent for. (За доктором послали.)

1. The earthquake ruined a lot of villages. (Землетрясение разрушило много деревень.)
2. Mother was cooking fantastic dinner. (Мама готовила фантастический ужин.)
3. Somebody had stolen their car. (Кто-то украл их машину.)
4. The secretary was typing the documents. (Секретарь печатала документы.)
5. Sam had already painted the self-portrait. (Сэм уже написал автопортрет.)
6. Kirsty bought these cushions in China. (Керсти купила эти подушки в Китае.)

3. Составьте по два предложения в пассивном залоге.

Например: We told her the news. (Мы рассказали ей новость.) – She was told the news. (Ей рассказали новость.), The news was told to her. (Новость была рассказана ей.)

1. They gave me an Italian book. (Они дали мне итальянскую книгу.)
2. He was showing us his new house. (Он показывал нам свой новый дом.)
3. The waiter had served him a beef steak. (Официант подал ему говяжий стейк.)
4. President promised his people prosperity. (Президент пообещал своему народу процветание.)
5. Ross had taught Mary English grammar. (Мистер Росс обучил Мэри английской грамматике.)

4. Составьте вопросительные предложения, начиная с предложенных слов.

1. Megan had been advised to wear contact lenses. (Меган посоветовали носить контактные линзы.) Why ... ? What ... ?
2. The telephone was invented by Alexander Bell. (Телефон был изобретен Александром Бэлл.) Who ... by? When ... ?
3. The dogs were being trained by a policeman. (Собак тренировал полицейский.) Where ... ? How many dogs ... ?
4. French textbooks had been packed for the library. (Французские учебники были упакованы для библиотеки.) What kind of books ... ?

Ответы:

1. was examined
2. was broken
3. were handed
4. was frightened
5. wasn’t translated
6. were not invited

1. A lot of villages were ruined by the earthquake.
2. Fantastic dinner was being cooked .
3. Their car had been stolen .
4. The documents were being typed by the secretary.
5. The self-portrait had already been painted .
6. These cushions were bought by Kirsty in China.

1. I was given an Italian book. An Italian book was given to me.
2. We were being shown the new house. The new house was being shown to us.
3. He had been served a beef steak. A beef steak had been served to him.
4. Prosperity was promised by president. The people were promised prosperity.
5. Mary had been taught English grammar by Mr. Ross. English grammar had been taught to Mary by Mr. Ross.